President Abraham Lincoln, with officers in 1862, rarely dictated battlefield tactics. Alexander Gardner/Library of Congress When the American Civil War began, president Abraham Lincoln was far ...

To create it, the professional photographer Alexander ... Oakley’s Lincoln looked fuzzy even when blown up. Oakley knew that Gardner, in the studio session, had taken a profile portrait of ...

Treasured artifacts associated with President Abraham Lincoln have been auctioned off, separated from a collection that was ...