Trump has tied tariffs so large they are effectively sanctions to an issue Lula’s government has made clear it won’t negotiate on.

Brazil was not the only country targeted for political reasons. India faces a comparable rate for buying Russian oil. Mr Trump warned Mark Carney, Canada’s prime minister, that recognising a Palestinian state would make trade negotiations “very hard”.

Few major trading partners have been spared the import taxes, which have already disrupted supply chains and are expected to drive up prices for Americans.