After a late-night session, the bill to claw back $9 billion in funds heads to the House, which must pass it by Friday or the executive branch is supposed to release the funding.

PEPFAR was launched in 2003 to stop the spread of HIV in Africa. Now, although some funding remains for the program, many of PEPFAR’s prevention and support services have stalled, as Dr. Atul Gawande, ...