The cross-section of a leaf reveals its complex structure. The waxy cuticle surface on the outside protects the leaf and prevents excess water loss. The palisade cells at the upper side are packed ...

For example, tree branches, leaf veins, vascular networks, and many floral patterns, such as cauliflower, follow a fractal structure. Researchers created surfaces that mimic fractal patterns by ...

The leaves from the south periphery have more palisade tissue, greater compactness of structure, thicker epidermis and cuticle than the leaves from within the crown. This subject, the structural ...