The spinal cord bladder and bowel reflex arc is damaged in patients with injuries to the cauda equina, lumbar and sacral segments below the conus medullaris. Patients do not typically transition to an ...

A reflex is an automatic body movement that ... Overactive reflexes are associated with upper motor neuron lesions, which are damaged areas of the neural pathway between the cortex and ...

For example, keeping hold of a hot object requires a nerve impulse to be sent to the motor neuron of the reflex arc to interfere with the normal reflex action to drop the object.