In 1998 scientists Richard Bader and Carlo Gatti proposed a mathematical model, describing the distribution of delocalized electrons in molecules. Now new research is the first to confirm the accuracy ...
In biological systems, electron flow often occurs very quickly between distant redox centers in electron-transfer proteins. Researchers have proposed that charge transfer in such proteins is ...
Monte Carlo track structure codes provide valuable information for understanding radiation effects down to the DNA level, where experimental measurements are most difficult or unavailable. It is well ...
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J.J. Thompson Discovered the Electron — And Unknowingly Electrified Science Forever
By the late 1800s, the scientific world was buzzing with questions about electricity and light. Several researchers were ...
GEM is a comprehensive electromagnetic gyrokinetic delta-f particle code that includes the full dynamics of gyrokinetic ions and drift-kinetic electrons. Magnetic perturbations perpendicular to the ...
Monte Carlo simulation of electrons stopping in liquid water was used to model the penetration and quality of electron-beam irradiation incident on the full-thickness EpiDerm™ skin model (EpiDermFT™ ...
As electrons are quantum objects, they cannot be clearly identified (or, to use the scientific term, localized) in a particular place. This means that the behaviour of electrons cannot be described ...
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